Pre-modern and Modern Political Philosophy Essay

Pre-modern and Modern Political Philosophy - Essay ExamplePre-Modern period Locke and Hobbes Locke and Hobbes are representatives of distinguish of nature political school of thought. On the one hand, state of nature is rather dangerous for the society. There is a lack of security for the society and in spite of the fact that people honor each antithetical and keep their promises and the atmosphere is friendly and pleasant, violent conflicts may occur. Hobbes underlines an obligatory subjection of people to ever alert hazards and violence and no society may exist on the background of unsafe conditions for individuals existence. Both, Locke and Hobbes underline that the evolution from the state of nature to the civil society does not disturb human nature. Moreover, they margin call that when an individual transits from the nature of state to civil society he is improved for sure. Basically, their views of state of nature were different for Locke state of nature is a peaceful pla ce and for Hobbes it implies brutality, a place for violence. Therefore, these phlosophers use theoretical scape of state of nature in two different ways for Hobbes, a common Power is take for people to provide them with safety conditions for existence and avoid conditions of Warre (Hobbes, p. 75). ... Thus, further ideas of Hobbes about a sovereign require that the latter is the protector of people, the supreme authority. For Locke, sovereign power should be in hands of citizens. In separate words, position of Hobbes may be interpreted as relevant to the development of the States with authoritarian regime and Lockes views are relevant to the States with democracies. Modern Period Hegel and Marx For Hegel, historys progression is the realization of absolute mind. In spite of the fact that this concise definition of concept of history was principal(prenominal)ly criticized, it should be viewed as an objectification and synopsis of a more multifaceted definition. The main critic of Hegels history conceptualization was Marx. Hegels philosophy was considered by the latter as an inapplicable philosophy. Hegels valuable idea was about historys progression as the progression of the Spirit from a state of a lesser to a greater freedom. Of course, materialist philosophy developed by Karl Marx contradicts with Hegels historical developments. While contrasting spiritual and materialistic philosophies of Marx and Hegel, it screwing be seen that the moving force for historical development for Marx is material production, not an individual. For Hegel, an important motive forces is mind. The main goal of the State for Hegel is its serving for the needs of people and protection of the private property. For him, the government represents the highest form of respectable life or, in other words, it regulates and corrects internal conflicts of the civil society. For Marx, the civil society is the base for mutual co-existence of juicy